A Probe’s Journey to the Sun

 

After a successful launch of a United Launch Alliance Delta IV Heavy Rocket, its passenger, NASAโ€™s Parker Probe, is now on its way to rendezvous with the sun.

Onlookers cheerfully watched as lift off occurred at 3:31am EDT from Space Launch Complex 37 on Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida.

The spacecraft, which is roughly the size of aย  small car, has now officially begun its mission hours before the rise of the very star that it is destined to study.

Once it reaches the sun, the spacecraft will undertake itโ€™s landmark mission, to study and begin a revolution in our understanding of the star that makes life on our planet possible.

The Parker Probeโ€™s findings will help researchers improve their forecasts of space weather events, which have the potential to damage satellites and harm astronauts on orbit, disrupt radio communications and, at their most severe, overwhelm power grids.

Here’s the official NASA release:

NASA, ULA Launch Parker Solar Probe on Historic Journey to Touch Sun

Aug. 12, 2018

Hours before the rise of the very star it will study, NASAโ€™s Parker Solar Probe launched from Florida Sunday to begin its journey to the Sun, where it will undertake a landmark mission. The spacecraft will transmit its first science observations in December, beginning a revolution in

The United Launch Alliance Delta IV Heavy rocket launches NASA’s Parker Solar Probe to touch the Sun, Sunday, Aug. 12, 2018 from Launch Complex 37 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida. Parker Solar Probe is humanityโ€™s first-ever mission into a part of the Sunโ€™s atmosphere called the corona. Here it will directly explore solar processes that are key to understanding and forecasting space weather events that can impact life on Earth. Photo Credit: (NASA/Bill Ingalls)

our understanding of the star that makes life on Earth possible.

Roughly the size of a small car, the spacecraft lifted off at 3:31 a.m. EDT on a United Launch Alliance Delta IV Heavy rocket from Space Launch Complex-37 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. At 5:33 a.m., the mission operations manager reported that the spacecraft was healthy and operating normally.

The missionโ€™s findings will help researchers improve their forecasts of space weather events, which have the potential to damage satellites and harm astronauts on orbit, disrupt radio communications and, at their most severe, overwhelm power grids.

โ€œThis mission truly marks humanityโ€™s first visit to a star that will have implications not just here on Earth, but how we better understand our universe,โ€ said Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator of NASAโ€™s Science Mission Directorate. โ€œWeโ€™ve accomplished something that decades ago, lived solely in the realm of science fiction.โ€

During the first week of its journey, the spacecraft will deploy its high-gain antenna and magnetometer boom. It also will perform the first of a two-part deployment of its electric field antennas. Instrument testing will begin in early September and last approximately four weeks, after which Parker Solar Probe can begin science operations.

โ€œTodayโ€™s launch was the culmination of six decades of scientific study and millions of hours of effort,โ€ said project manager Andy Driesman, of the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) in Laurel, Maryland. โ€œNow, Parker Solar Probe is operating normally and on its way to begin a seven-year mission of extreme science.โ€

Over the next two months, Parker Solar Probe will fly towards Venus, performing its first Venus gravity assist in early October โ€“ a maneuver a bit like a handbrake turn โ€“ that whips the spacecraft around the planet, using Venusโ€™s gravity to trim the spacecraftโ€™s orbit tighter around the Sun. This first flyby will place Parker Solar Probe in position in early November to fly as close as 15 million miles from the Sun โ€“ within the blazing solar atmosphere, known as the corona โ€“ closer than anything made by humanity has ever gone before.

Throughout its seven-year mission, Parker Solar Probe will make six more Venus flybys and 24 total passes by the Sun, journeying steadily closer to the Sun until it makes its closest approach at 3.8 million miles. At this point, the probe will be moving at roughly 430,000 miles per hour, setting the record for the fastest-moving object made by humanity.

Parker Solar Probe will set its sights on the corona to solve long-standing, foundational mysteries of our Sun. What is the secret of the scorching corona, which is more than 300 times hotter than the Sunโ€™s surface, thousands of miles below? What drives the supersonic solar wind โ€“ the constant stream of solar material that blows through the entire solar system? And finally, what accelerates solar energetic particles, which can reach speeds up to more than half the speed of light as they rocket away from the Sun?

Scientists have sought these answers for more than 60 years, but the investigation requires sending a probe right through the unrelenting heat of the corona. Today, this is finally possible with cutting-edge thermal engineering advances that can protect the mission on its daring journey.

โ€œExploring the Sunโ€™s corona with a spacecraft has been one of the hardest challenges for space exploration,โ€ said Nicola Fox, project scientist at APL. โ€œWeโ€™re finally going to be able to answer questions about the corona and solar wind raised by Gene Parker in 1958 โ€“ using a spacecraft that bears his name โ€“ and I canโ€™t wait to find out what discoveries we make. The science will be remarkable.โ€

Parker Solar Probe carries four instrument suites designed to study magnetic fields, plasma and energetic particles, and capture images of the solar wind. The University of California, Berkeley, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, and Princeton University in New Jersey lead these investigations.

Parker Solar Probe is part of NASAโ€™s Living with a Star program to explore aspects of the Sun-Earth system that directly affect life and society. The Living with a Star program is managed by the agencyโ€™s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, for NASAโ€™s Science Mission Directorate in Washington. APL designed and built, and operates the spacecraft.

Source: NASA

Further information:

https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-ula-launch-parker-solar-probe-on-historic-journey-to-touch-sun

https://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/parker-solar-probe

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